Programmable Function Interface (PFI).
One of the best resources for learning more
about them is in the manuals of the products that have them. For example, take a look at chapter 8 of the <a href="http://www.ni.com/pdf/manuals/371022k.pdf" target="_blank">M-Series
user manual</a>. It has a great explanation
of what PFI can be used for.